The hydropower potential in the upper Indus basin under historical hydro-climatology was prepared using the Hydropower Potential Exploration (HyPE) model. Under historical hydro-climatology, the HyPE model was run to explore theoretical potential followed by technical, financial and sustainable potential under two types of hydropower development policy scenarios. The energy focus scenarios (Large/Medium/Mixed) explored the impact of different scales of hydropower development. Additionally, for sustainable potential, the geo-hazard risk representation scenarios (Risk-averse/Cost-based/Multi-hazard) evaluated three ways to represent geo-hazard risk in hydropower development policies. Furthermore, historical analysis quantified technical, financial and sustainable potential under full and remaining cases. This dataset was produced under WorkPackage 2 of the SustainIndus project.