This dataset provides discharge measurements at terminus of Langshisha Glacier in Langtang Valley. The station is no longer operational. Discharge calculated from stage height measurements over multiple years, based on a rating curve developed locally with salt dilution. Station was destroyed by high flow and briefly reinstalled further downstream (separate data file).

This dataset provides discharge measurements at terminus of Langshisha Glacier in Langtang Valley. The station is no longer operational. Discharge calculated from stage height measurements over multiple years, based on a rating curve developed locally with salt dilution. Station was destroyed by high flow. Previous measurements were carried out further upstream (separate data file).

This dataset provides discharge measurements at the outlet or the terminus lake at Lirung Glacier in Langtang Valley. The station is no longer operational. Discharge calculated from stage height measurements over multiple years, based on a rating curve developed locally with rhodamine dilution. At the location of the station is now the inlet for the hydropower plant.

This sensor measures soil moisture at three depths in the soil. It is located in the Langtang Valley, next to the Langshisha Pluviometer on the left moraine of Langshisha Glacier.

This sensor measures soil moisture at three depths in the soil. It is located in the Langtang Valley, on Yala Plateau, just north of and below Tserko Ri peak.

This dataset provides discharge measurements at the main arm of the Langtang River in Langtang Valley. Additionally, the water temperature is recorded. The station is located where previously measurements have been undertaken for many years at a daily level. Discharge calculated from stage height measurements over multiple years, based on a rating curve developed between 2013 and 2018.

This sensor measures soil moisture at three depths in the soil. It is located in the Langtang Valley, between Langshisha and Shalbachum Glacier at Langshisha Basecamp, next to an existing Tipping Bucket.

High Mountain Asia (HMA) host one of the largest concentrations of lakes globally, which together with snow and ice reserves, serve as an essential water resource for the region. Due to the limited human disturbances these high-altitude lakes serve as sensitive indicators of climate change impacts. However, their vast number, remote location, and challenging mountainous terrain make in-situ measurements scarce. Satellite altimetry offers a unique opportunity to continuously monitor lake water level variation across HMA. Here we present a water level timeseries for 238 lakes (≥ 20 km2) across HMA derived from CryoSat-2 (2010-2023) and ICESat-2 (2018-2024). Water level timeseries from the two independent altimetry missions shows strong consistency with 80% of lakes exhibiting statistically significant agreement in their signals (p = 0.013). The dataset is structured as a single netCDF file with a two-dimensional matrix format, including water level measurements, associated uncertainties, mission identifiers, ice flags, and static lake attributions (location, area). The water level datasets presented enables long-term trend analysis, changes in lake water storage, response to wet-and-dry climate cycles. The dataset also provides essential variables to study relationships between lake ecosystems and changes in the water resources across HMA.